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Research

Research verticals and centres

CRGD's research is organised into eighteen verticals. Each one asks a small number of hard questions about how Kerala and India are governed, and answers them with data, field work and comparison. The verticals talk to each other: few real policy problems stay inside one subject.

At a glance

18 research verticals

Choose a vertical to read its questions, see who works on it and find everything it has published.

  1. 01Governance, Finance and AccountabilityHow governments raise and spend public money, how they are held to account for it, and how the machinery of administration can serve citizens better.
  2. 02EducationFrom early childhood to university, how Kerala and India can move from near universal access to genuinely good learning for every student.
  3. 03Health and DemographyHow a society that has largely won the battles against early death and high fertility can meet its next challenges, from chronic disease to an ageing population.
  4. 04EmploymentWhy educated young people struggle to find work at home, why women's participation in paid work remains low, and how migration in and out of Kerala shapes the labour market.
  5. 05FederalismHow powers, money and responsibilities are shared between the Union, the states and local governments, and how that balance affects what Kerala can do for its people.
  6. 06Tourism and CultureHow tourism and cultural life can bring prosperity to communities without eroding the places, traditions and environments that attract visitors in the first place.
  7. 07MobilityHow people and goods move across a densely settled state, and how transport policy can make journeys safer, cleaner, fairer and quicker.
  8. 08Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentThe future of farming and rural livelihoods in a state where land is scarce, labour is costly and the climate is changing.
  9. 09Strategic Affairs and PlanningLong range planning for the state, and the strategic questions of security, diaspora and the Indian Ocean that matter to Kerala and to India.
  10. 10Science, Energy, Tech and AIHow science, technology, clean energy and artificial intelligence can serve the public, and how they should be governed.
  11. 11Maritime EconomyPorts, shipping, fisheries and coastal communities, and how Kerala can build a maritime economy that is prosperous, fair and sustainable.
  12. 12Society, Law and PolicyHow laws are made, interpreted and enforced, and how they meet the realities of social life, from family and religion to speech and policing.
  13. 13Institutions and Social JusticeWhether public institutions treat every citizen fairly, and how policy can close the gaps that caste, gender, disability, tribe and poverty still produce.
  14. 14EconomyThe structure and prospects of Kerala's economy, and how growth can create good jobs, public revenue and broad prosperity.
  15. 15Environment and Disaster ManagementProtecting the ecology of the Western Ghats, the coast and the wetlands, and preparing communities for floods, landslides and a changing climate.
  16. 16State and PoliticsHow the state is governed in practice: the legislature, the executive, political parties and the political culture that shapes public decisions.
  17. 17UrbanisationHow a state where town and village blur into each other can plan for housing, water, waste, transport and public space.
  18. 18Elections, Narratives and PerceptionsHow citizens form political opinions, how elections are fought, and how narratives, media and misinformation shape public perceptions of policy.

In detail

Research centres

Vertical 0101

Governance, Finance and Accountability

How governments raise and spend public money, how they are held to account for it, and how the machinery of administration can serve citizens better.

  • State finances and budgets
  • Public expenditure quality
  • Audit and oversight
  • Administrative reform

10 publications

Vertical 0202

Education

From early childhood to university, how Kerala and India can move from near universal access to genuinely good learning for every student.

  • School learning outcomes
  • Higher education governance
  • Teacher preparation
  • Students who study abroad

2 publications

Vertical 0303

Health and Demography

How a society that has largely won the battles against early death and high fertility can meet its next challenges, from chronic disease to an ageing population.

  • Primary health care
  • Non communicable diseases
  • Ageing and care
  • Health financing

1 publication

Vertical 0404

Employment

Why educated young people struggle to find work at home, why women's participation in paid work remains low, and how migration in and out of Kerala shapes the labour market.

  • Youth and graduate unemployment
  • Women and paid work
  • Gulf migration and return
  • Inter-state migrant workers

5 publications

Vertical 0505

Federalism

How powers, money and responsibilities are shared between the Union, the states and local governments, and how that balance affects what Kerala can do for its people.

  • Fiscal federalism and Finance Commissions
  • Goods and Services Tax
  • Centrally sponsored schemes
  • Borrowing limits

6 publications

Vertical 0606

Tourism and Culture

How tourism and cultural life can bring prosperity to communities without eroding the places, traditions and environments that attract visitors in the first place.

  • Responsible and community tourism
  • Heritage conservation
  • Arts and the creative economy
  • Ayurveda and wellness tourism

0 publications

Vertical 0707

Mobility

How people and goods move across a densely settled state, and how transport policy can make journeys safer, cleaner, fairer and quicker.

  • Public transport and buses
  • Rail and metro systems
  • Road safety
  • Walking and cycling

2 publications

Vertical 0808

Agriculture and Rural Development

The future of farming and rural livelihoods in a state where land is scarce, labour is costly and the climate is changing.

  • Paddy and wetland conservation
  • Plantation crops and prices
  • Food security and the public distribution system
  • Farmer collectives

1 publication

Vertical 0909

Strategic Affairs and Planning

Long range planning for the state, and the strategic questions of security, diaspora and the Indian Ocean that matter to Kerala and to India.

  • State planning and foresight
  • Coastal and maritime security
  • Diaspora and the Gulf
  • Indian Ocean region

1 publication

Vertical 1010

Science, Energy, Tech and AI

How science, technology, clean energy and artificial intelligence can serve the public, and how they should be governed.

  • Artificial intelligence in government
  • Digital public infrastructure
  • Data protection and privacy
  • Renewable energy and the grid

0 publications

Vertical 1111

Maritime Economy

Ports, shipping, fisheries and coastal communities, and how Kerala can build a maritime economy that is prosperous, fair and sustainable.

  • Ports and transhipment
  • Fisheries and fishing communities
  • Coastal erosion and protection
  • Shipbuilding and repair

2 publications

Vertical 1212

Society, Law and Policy

How laws are made, interpreted and enforced, and how they meet the realities of social life, from family and religion to speech and policing.

  • Legislative quality
  • Courts and access to justice
  • Policing and criminal justice
  • Free speech and media regulation

0 publications

Vertical 1313

Institutions and Social Justice

Whether public institutions treat every citizen fairly, and how policy can close the gaps that caste, gender, disability, tribe and poverty still produce.

  • Caste and affirmative action
  • Adivasi communities
  • Gender equality
  • Disability rights

4 publications

Vertical 1414

Economy

The structure and prospects of Kerala's economy, and how growth can create good jobs, public revenue and broad prosperity.

  • Growth and structural change
  • Remittances and consumption
  • Investment climate
  • Small and medium enterprises

3 publications

Vertical 1515

Environment and Disaster Management

Protecting the ecology of the Western Ghats, the coast and the wetlands, and preparing communities for floods, landslides and a changing climate.

  • Floods and landslides
  • Western Ghats ecology
  • Climate adaptation
  • Waste management

3 publications

Vertical 1616

State and Politics

How the state is governed in practice: the legislature, the executive, political parties and the political culture that shapes public decisions.

  • Functioning of the legislature
  • Coalition politics
  • Political parties and organisation
  • Civil service and the executive

5 publications

Vertical 1717

Urbanisation

How a state where town and village blur into each other can plan for housing, water, waste, transport and public space.

  • Urban planning and land use
  • Housing
  • Water supply and sanitation
  • Solid waste management

4 publications

Vertical 1818

Elections, Narratives and Perceptions

How citizens form political opinions, how elections are fought, and how narratives, media and misinformation shape public perceptions of policy.

  • Electoral behaviour and turnout
  • Campaigns and political communication
  • Misinformation and fact checking
  • Media and public opinion

0 publications

New

Recent research

All publications
Commentary
Placeholder

Commentary

The Port Is Built. Now Build the Town Around It.

A transhipment port creates few jobs by itself. Whether Thiruvananthapuram benefits depends on the logistics, housing, skills and services that grow around it, and on planning that starts now.

Scholar Two

Policy Brief
Placeholder

Policy Brief

Bringing Off Budget Borrowing into the Light

Borrowing by state owned bodies has become a large and contested part of public finance. A simple annual disclosure statement would let legislators and citizens see the full picture without stopping investment.

Scholar One

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